English speaking-Myanmar 14

English speaking-Myanmar 14

အဂၤလိပ္စကားေျပာစာေၾကာင္းတုိမ်ား

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Chill out!                မေၾကာက္နဲ႔။

Could be!                  ျဖစ္ႏိုင္ပါတယ္။

Damned fool!               ေသာက္႐ူး..။

Drop dead!                သြား..ေသလိုက္။

Enjoy yourself!             ေပ်ာ္ရႊင္ပါေစ။

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Back စကားလုံးဆုိင္ရာ အီဒီယမ္အသုံးႏႈန္းမ်ား

back seat driver, back to square one နဲ႔ back to the drawing board စတဲ့ အီဒီယံအသံုးအႏႈန္းမ်ားကို တင္ျပေပးထားပါတယ္။

01.back seat driver

Back = ေနာက္ဖက္၊ Seat = ထုိင္ခုံ၊ Driver = ကားေမာင္းသူ တုိ႔ ျဖစ္ၾကပါတယ္။ ဒီစကားစုရဲ ႔ တုိက္ရိုက္အဓိပၸါယ္က ကားေနာက္ခန္းမွာ ထုိင္ၿပီးေတာ့ ကားေမာင္းသူလုိ႔ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ကားေမာင္းသူကိုယ္စား ကားေနာက္ခန္းကျဖစ္ေစ၊ ေဘးခံုကေနျဖစ္ေစ လိုက္စီးသူက ကားေမာင္းသူကို ဆရာလုပ္တာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။အထူးသျဖင့္ ခင္ပြန္းသည္က ကားေမာင္း ေနတဲ့အခါ စိုးရိမ္တဲ့ အမ်ဳိးသမီးကေန ေဘးကထုိင္ၿပီး စိတ္ပူကာ ေျဖးေျဖးေမာင္း၊ ေရွ ႔မွာ ကားလာေနၿပီ၊ မီးနီေတာ့မယ္၊ မီးစိမ္းျပေနၿပီ စတဲ့ ေဘးကေန မနားတမ္း ေတာက္ေလွ်ာက္ေျပာ၊ ဆရာလုပ္လုိ႔ လင္မယားေတြ ကားေမာင္း ေနခ်ိန္ စကားမ်ား၊ ရန္ျဖစ္ၾကတာကုိ သိၾကမွာပါ။ ဒါေၾကာင့္မို႔ ဘာမွမေျပာဘဲ ပါးစပ္ပိတ္ထားရင္ေတာ့ အေကာင္းဆံုး ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ပါးစပ္မပိတ္ဘဲ ေဘးကေန ထိုင္ေေျပာမယ္၊ အေျပာခံရ တဲ့လူကလည္း မခံႏုိင္ရင္ေတာ့ စကားမ်ား ရန္ျဖစ္ အေျခအေနမလွ ျဖစ္ရပါလိမ့္မယ္။

အီဒီယံအဓိပၸါယ္ကလည္း ဒီသေဘာပဲ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ကားေမာင္းတဲ့ကိစၥမွာတင္မဟုတ္ တျခားအလုပ္ေတြ မွာလည္း မလုိပဲနဲ႔ ေဘးကေနထုိင္ၿပီးေတာ့ ျပစ္တင္ေျပာဆုိတာ၊ ေဝဖန္တာ၊ မလုိလားအပ္တဲ့ ေျပာဆုိအႀကံဥာဏ္ေတြေပးတာ၊ တဖက္လူမႏွစ္သက္တဲ့ အႀကံဥာဏ္ေပး ဆရာလုပ္တဲ့လူမ်ဳိးကုိ back seat driver လုိ႔ ေျပာဆုိႏုိင္ပါတယ္။

Eg;

My wife is a back seat driver. I told her to stop this habit as it makes me very angry. She is always telling me what to do even who to be friends with.

က်ေနာ္အမ်ဳိးသမီးက မလုိအပ္ပဲ ဆရာသိပ္လုပ္တယ္။ က်ေနာ္လည္း သိပ္ကုိစိတ္ဆုိးေတာ့ ဒီအက်င့္ကုိ ေဖ်ာက္ဖုိ႔ သူကိုေျပာတယ္။ က်ေနာ္ကုိ ဘာလုပ္ ဘယ္လုိလုပ္ဆုိၿပီေတာ့ အၿမဲေျပာတယ္။ ဘယ္သူနဲ႔ မိတ္ေဆြေပါင္း သင္းရမယ္ဆုိတာေတာင္ ပါေသးတယ္။

02. back to square one

Back to = ျပန္ေရာက္လာသည္။ Square = ေလးေထာင့္ကြက္၊ စတုရန္းပုံ။ One = နံပတ္တစ္ တုိ႔ ျဖစ္ၾကပါတယ္။ ဒီစကားစုရဲ ႔ တုိက္ရုိက္အဓိပၸါယ္မွာ နံပတ္တစ္ ေလးေထာင့္ကြက္ဆီကုိ ျပန္လည္ေရာက္လာျခင္း လုိ႔ ျပန္ဆုိႏုိင္ပါတယ္။ ဒီအသုံးအႏႈန္းက ေလးေထာင့္ကြက္ေတြပါတဲ့ ကစားပြဲနည္းေတြက ဆင္းသက္လာတယ္လုိ႔ ဆုိပါတယ္။

ဥပမာ Snakes and Ladders ဆုိတဲ့ အန္စာတုံးကုိ ခြက္ထဲထည့္လႈပ္ၿပီး ထြက္လာတဲ့ ဂဏန္းနံပါတ္ကုိယူၿပီး မိမိရဲ ႔ ေကာ္ျပားအဝုိင္းကေလးကုိ ေရႊ ႔ၿပီးကစားရတဲ့ ေျမြနဲ႔ေလွကား ကားခ်ပ္ကစားနည္းမွ ဆင္းသက္လာတယ္လုိ႔ သိရပါတယ္။ မိမိလႈပ္ခ် လုိက္တဲ့ အန္စာတုံးရဲ ႔ ဂဏန္းနံပါတ္ကုိယူၿပီးေတာ့ ကားခ်ပ္ေပၚမွာ မိမိရဲ ႔ေကာ္ျပားအဝုိင္းေလးကုိ ေရႊ ႔ရတဲ့ေနရာမွာ ေျမြဆုိတဲ့အကြက္ေပၚကုိ က်ခဲ့ရင္ေတာ့ ေအာက္ဖက္ကုိ ေလွ်ာက်ျပန္ဆင္းရၿပီး အစကေန ျပန္ၿပီးကစားရတဲ့ နည္းျဖစ္ပါ တယ္။

ေနာက္တနည္းက ေဘာ္လုံးကေန ဆင္းသက္လာတာျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ အဂၤလန္ႏုိင္ငံမွာ ေဘာ္လုံးအေၾကာင္းကုိ တုိက္ရုိက္အသံလႊင့္တဲ့လူေတြက အခက္အခဲရွိတဲ့အတြက္ေၾကာင့္လည္း ေဘာ္လုံးကြင္းကုိ ေလးေထာင့္အကြက္ ရွစ္ကြက္ခ်ၿပီးေတာ့ ေဘာ္လုံးက ဘယ္အကြက္ေရာက္ေနၿပီဆုိတာ နံပါတ္တပ္ၿပီးေတာ့ တုိက္ရုိက္အသံလႊင့္ရာမွ ဆင္းသက္လာတယ္လုိ႔ ဆုိပါတယ္။ ဥပမာ ပြဲစဥ္ကုိ ခဏရပ္ၿပီးေတာ့ ျပန္စတဲ့အခါ ဂုိးသမားျဖစ္တဲ့ နံပါတ္တစ္ အကြက္ကေန ျပန္စတာကုိ back to square one လုိ႔ အသံလႊင့္သူက ေျပာေလ့ရွိပါတယ္။

Eg;

John said that we are back to square one. The committee did not approve our proposal and wants us to come up with a new one.

John အေျပာအရေတာ့ က်ေနာ္တုိ႔ တစ္ကေန ျပန္စၾကရေတာ့မယ္။ က်ေနာ္တုိ႔ တင္သြင္းထားတဲ့ အဆုိျပဳလႊာကုိ ေကာ္မတီက သေဘာမတူဘူး။ အသစ္ျပန္တင္ဖုိ႔လုိတယ္လုိ႔ ေျပာတယ္။

03.back to the drawing board

Back to = ျပန္သြားသည္။ Drawing = ပံုဆြဲသည္။ Board = ပ်ဥ္ခ်ပ္ျပား တို႔ ျဖစ္ၾကပါတယ္။ စကားစုတခုလံုးရဲ ႔ တိုက္ရိုက္အဓိပၸါယ္ကေတာ့ ပုံဆြဲတဲ့ ပ်ဥ္ခ်ပ္ျပားဆီကုိ ျပန္သြားျခင္း ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ အီဒီယံအဓိပၸါယ္ကေတာ့ ဒီဇုိင္းေရးဆြဲရာမွာ ေရးဆြဲတဲ့ဆီကုိ ျပန္သြားရမယ္ဆုိရင္ မိမိဆြဲထားတာ မဟန္မမွန္လုိ႔ သုံးမရလုိ႔ ဒီဇုိင္းအသစ္ကုိ လုံးဝျပန္ဆြဲရမယ္ သေဘာကုိ ဆုိလုိပါတယ္။ ဒါေၾကာင့္မို႔လည္း ေန႔စဥ္ဘဝမွာ တစ္ကေနျပန္စရမယ္ဆုိတဲ့ အသုံးအႏႈန္းလုိ back to the drawing board က အားလုံးကုိ အစအဆုံး ျပန္လုပ္ရတယ့္ အေျခအေနမွာ ဒီအသုံးအႏႈန္းကုိ သုံးႏႈန္းေျပာဆုိႏုိင္ပါတယ္။

Eg;

We started an online business, but after awhile it was back to the drawing board for us as we could not make a profit.

က်ေနာ္တုိ႔ အင္တာနက္ စီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္းတခုစခဲ့တယ္။ ဒါေပမဲ့ အခ်ိန္ကာလတခုအတြင္းမွာ အျမတ္အစြန္းမရလုိ႔ အားလုံးျပန္လည္ စီမံလုပ္ကုိင္ရမဲ့ အေျခအေနေရာက္ခဲ့တယ္။

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အလားအလာမ်ားကုိ အဂၤလိပ္စကားျဖင့္ ေဖာ္ျပျခင္း (Describing Trends in English)

စီးပြားေရးအေၾကာင္း အဂၤလိပ္လိုေဆြးေႏြးၾကတဲ့အခါမွာ ကုန္သြယ္ေရး (business) ႏွင့္ စီးပြားေရး (economy)၊ အလားအလားမ်ား (trends) တုိ႔အေၾကာင္းလည္းပါလာတတ္ပါတယ္။ အဲဒီအလားအလာေတြ အေၾကာင္း ေျပာတဲ့အခါမွာ ဒီေဆာင္းပါးထဲမွာေတာ့ အသံုး၀င္ၿပီး အသံုးမ်ားတဲ့ အသံုးအႏႈန္းတုိ႔ကုိ ေဖာ္ျပရတတ္ပါတယ္။

To forecast (ႀကိဳတင္ခန္႔မွန္းသည္။)

We forecast that costs could rise by a further 50% between now and next year. (အခုအခ်ိန္နဲ႔ ေနာက္ႏွစ္ ၾကားမွာ ကုန္က်စရိတ္ေတြဟာ ေနာက္ထပ္ ၅၀% ႏႈန္းျမင့္တက္သြားႏုိင္တယ္လုိ႔ ႀကိဳတင္ခန္႔မွန္းပါတယ္။)

To predict (ေဟာကိန္းထုတ္သည္။)

Economists are predicting a double-dip recession.( စီးပြားေရးအက်ပ္အတည္းဟာ ႏွစ္ဆက်ဆင္းလိမ့္မယ္လုိ႔ ေဟာကိန္းထုတ္ေနၾကပါတယ္။)

To go up (တက္လာသည္။)

    Prices have gone up by 10% (ေစ်းႏႈန္းေတြဟာ ၁၀% တက္သြားပါတယ္။)

To increase (ျမင့္တက္လာသည္)

    The cost of living is increasing. (လူေနမႈစရိတ္ဟာ ျမင့္မားလာၿပီ။)

To rise (ျမင့္တက္သည္)

    Prices are rising again. (ေစ်းႏႈန္းေတြဟာ ထပ္ၿပီးတက္ေနျပန္ၿပီ။)

To strengthen (အားေကာင္းလာသည္။)

    The pound has strengthened against the dollar. (ေဒၚလာေပါက္ေစ်းႏွင့္စာလွ်င္ စတာလင္ေပါင္တန္ဘုိးက ပုိအားေကာင္းလာတယ္။)

To recover (နာလန္ထူ/ျပန္မတ္လာသည္။)

    The Euro has recovered after last week's heavy trading. (ၿပီးခဲ့တဲ့ အပတ္က ကုန္သြယ္မႈပိုမ်ားလာတဲ့ အတြက္ ယူ႐ိုနဲ႔တန္ဖိုးဟာ ျပန္မတ္လာပါၿပီ။)

 To boost (ျမင့္တင္သည္)

    The weaker pound should also boost exports. (အားေပ်ာ့ေနတဲ့ စတာလင္ေပါင္က ပုိ႔ကုန္ေတြကုိ ျမင့္တင္ေပးေလာက္ပါတယ္။)

To peak at (အျမွင့္ဆံုးေရာက္သည္။)

    Shares peaked at 679p then fell. (အစုရွယ္ယာေတြဟာ 679ပဲနိမွာ အျမင့္ဆံုးျဖစ္သြားၿပီးေနာက္ ျပန္က်သြားတယ္။)

 To rocket (ထုိးတက္သြားသည္)

The cost of bringing up a child has rocketed by over a third in the past five years. (ၿပီးခဲ့တဲ့ ငါးႏွစ္အတြင္း မွာ ခေလးတစ္ေယာက္ကုိ လူလားေျမာက္ေအာင္ ေကၽြးေမြးပ်ဳိးေထာင္ရတဲ့ စရိတ္ဟာ သံုးပံုတစ္ပံုမက ထုိးတက္သြားတယ္။)

 To soar (တဟုန္ထုိး ျမင့္တက္သည္။)

    Soaring house prices make it difficult for first-time buyers to buy a house. (တဟုန္ထုိးျမင့္ တက္ေနတဲ့ အိမ္ေစ်းႏႈန္းေတြေၾကာင့္ ပထမဦးဆံုး အိမ္၀ယ္မဲ့သူမ်ားဟာ အခက္ေတြ႕ေနၾက ပါတယ္။)

To surge (တရွိန္ထုိးတက္သည္။)

    Costs have surged as a result of increasing oil prices. (ဆီေစ်းႏႈန္းျမင့္မားမႈေၾကာင့္ ကုန္က် စရိတ္ေတြဟာ တစ္ရွိန္ထုိးတက္လာပါတယ္။)

 To go down (က်ဆင္းသည္)

 Prices have gone down by 10% (ေစ်းႏႈန္းေတြဟာ ၁၀% က်ဆင္းသြားပါတယ္။)

 To decrease (က်ဆင္းသည္။)

    The cost of living is decreasing. (လူေနမႈစရိတ္က က်ဆင္းလာပါၿပီ။)

 To Fall (က်ဆင္းသည္)

    Prices are falling again. (ေစ်းႏႈန္းေတြ က်ဆင္းေနျပန္ၿပီ။)

 To weaken (အားေပ်ာ့သည္။)

    The pound has weakened against the Euro (ယူ႐ိုေပါက္ေစ်းနဲ႔စာရင္ စတာလင္ေပါင္ရဲ႕ တန္ဘုိးကအားေပ်ာ့သြားတယ္။)

 To drop (က်ဆင္းသည္/ေလ်ာ့နည္းသည္။)

    Increased labour costs have caused profits to drop. (ျမင့္တက္လာတဲ့ အလုပ္သမား ခေတြေၾကာင့္ အျမတ္ေလ်ာ့နည္းသြားတယ္။)

 To slow (ေအးသြားသည္/ေႏွးသြားသည္)

    The economy slowed last year as a result of interest rate rises. (အတုိးႏႈန္းျမင့္တက္မႈ ေၾကာင့္ စီးပြားေရးေအးသြားတယ္။)

To bottom out at (lowest point) (အနိမ့္က်ဆံုးထုိးက်သည္။)

    Shares bottom out at 37P then rose. (အစုရွယ္ယာေတြဟာ 37 ပဲနိမွာ အနိမ့္က်ဆံုးအထိ ထုိးက် သြားၿပီးမွ ျပန္ျမင့္တက္လာတယ္။)

To plummet (dramatic fall) (တဟုန္ထုိးက်ဆင္းသြားသည္။)

    The Euro plummeted against the US Dollar then rose. (ယူ႐ုိေငြရဲ႕တန္ဖုိးဟာ ယူအက္(စ္)ေဒၚ လာေပါက္ေစ်းနဲ႔ယွဥ္ရင္ တဟုန္ထုိးက်ဆင္းသြားၿပီးမွ ျပန္ျမင့္တက္လာခဲ့တယ္။)

 To stagnate (Staying at a low point, and not moving at all) (တန္႔ေနသည္/ၿငိမ္ေနသည္။)

    The economy is stagnating. (စီးပြားေရးဟာ က်ၿပီးတန္႔ေနတယ္။)

 To level out (become stable) (တည္ၿငိမ္ေနတယ္)။

    Share prices have leveled out this month at 497p (အစုရွယ္ယာေစ်းႏႈန္းေတြဟာ ဒီလမွာ 497 ပဲနိမွာ တည္ၿငိမ္ေနတယ္။

  To remain stable (တည္ၿငိမ္ေနသည္။)

    The cost of petrol has remained stable. (ဆီေစ်းႏႈန္းက တည္ၿငိမ္ေနတယ္။)

အေျပာင္းအလဲမ်ားအေၾကာင္း အဂၤလိပ္လုိေျပာျခင္း (Ways of talking about movement in English)~

Steady = a steady rise (ပံုမွန္ျမင့္တက္မႈ)

Slight (အနည္းငယ္) = a slight improvement (အနည္းငယ္ တုိးတက္မႈ)

Moderate (အသင့္အတင့္) = a moderate recovery (သင့္တင့္ေသာ နာလန္ထူမႈ)

Dramatic (သိသာထင္ရွားေသာ) = a dramatic rise (သိသာထင္ရွားလြန္းတဲ့ ျမင့္တက္မႈ)

Substantial (ေတာင့္တင္းခုိင္မာေသာ) = Substantial growth (ေတာင့္တင္းခို္င္မာေသာ ႀကီးပြားတုိးတက္မႈ)

Robust (အားပါးတရရွိေသာ) = robust growth (အားပါးတရရွိေသာ ႀကီးပြားတုိးတက္မႈ)

Upward/downward (အျမင့္ဘက္/အက်ဘက္) = An upward/downward trend (အျမင့္ဘက္/ အက်ဘက္အလားအလာ)

အသံုး၀င္ေသာနာမ္မ်ား (Useful nouns)

Financial turbulence = ေငြေရးေၾကးေရး႐ႈပ္ေထြးမႈ

    Financial turbulence on the stock market has weakened the dollar. (စေတာ့နဲ႔ ရွယ္ယာဒုိင္မွာ ေငြေၾကးအရႈပ္အေထြးေၾကာင့္ေဒၚလာရဲ႕တန္ဖုိးကအားေပ်ာ့သြားပါတယ္။)

 Slow down = က်ဆင္းမႈ

    The recent slowdown in the economy threatens jobs. (မၾကာခင္က စီးပြားေရးက်ဆင္းမႈက အလုပ္အကုိင္ေတြကုိ ဒုကၡေပးေနပါတယ္။)  

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Bed အီဒီယမ္

bed of roses,  a bed of nails နဲ႔ on the wrong side of bed တုိ႔ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။

01.Bed of Roses  

Bed = အိပ္္ယာ၊ ကုုတင္၊ Roses = ႏွင္းဆီပြင့္ေတြ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ စကားစုတခုုလံုုးရဲ ႔ လုံးေကာက္အဓိပၸါယ္က ႏွင္းဆီပန္းေတြ စီထားတဲ့ ကုတင္အိပ္ရာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။     က်မတုိ႔ ျမန္မာစကားမွာလည္း ဖဲေမြ႔ရာ လုုိ႔ တင္စားေျပာဆုုိတာမ်ိဳး ရွိပါတယ္။ ႏွင္းဆီပန္းေတြ ျပည့္ႏွက္ေနတဲ့ ကုုတင္ဟာ တကယ္ဆုုိရင္ ႏူးညံ့ေပ်ာ့ေျပာင္းၿပီး ရနံ႔သင္းတာမုုိ႔ မက္ေမာစရာပါ။ ဒါေၾကာင့္မုုိ႔လည္း အားလံုုး စုုိေျပသာယာေနတဲ့ ဘဝမ်ိဳးကိုု Bed of Roses လုုိ႔ တင္စားေျပာဆုုိေလ့ရိွပါတယ္။ အခုု ေနာက္ပိုုင္းမွာေတာ့ ဒီအသံုုးကိုု မဟုုတ္သေဘာျပတဲ့ not စကားလုံးနဲ႔ တဲြသံုုးေလ့ရွိတာကုိ ေတြ႔ရပါတယ္။

အဲဒါေၾကာင့္ not a bed of roses လိုု႔ ေျပာဆုိတဲ့အခါ ဘဝမွာ အရာရာ အဆင္ေျပလိမ့္မယ္လုုိ႔ မေမွ်ာ္လင့္နဲ႔။ အဲဒီလုိ ေမွ်ာ္လင့္ထားရင္ အမွားႀကီးမွားလိမ့္မယ္။ စိတ္ဓာတ္က်ရလိမ့္မယ္ဆိုုၿပီး သတိေပးတဲ့ သေဘာမ်ိဳး ေျပာေလ့ရွိၾကပါတယ္။

က်မတို႔ ျမန္မာမွာေတာ့ ပန္းခင္းတဲ့ လမ္းလိုုသေဘာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ တကယ္ေတာ့ ဘဝဟာ ပန္းခင္းတဲ့ လမ္းမဟုုတ္ဘဲ၊ ဆူးေညာင့္ခလုုတ္ေတြ ျပည့္ေနတဲ့ လမ္းလုုိ႔ ဆုိလို႔ရပါတယ္။ ဒါေၾကာင့္ လက္ေတြမွာ ဘဝဟာ ပန္းခင္းတဲ့ လမ္းမဟုုတ္သလုုိ၊ ဖဲေမြ႔ရာမဟုုတ္သလုုိ၊ ဘဝ သံသရာမွာ အတက္အက် ရွိစၿမဲမိုု႔ ဘာမဆုုိ ရင္ဆုုိင္ရမွာ ျဖစ္သလိုု တရားနဲ႔လည္း ေျဖႏုုိင္ဖုုိ႔ ဆံုုးမေျပာဆုုိေလ့ရွိတာကိုု အမ်ားသိၾကပါတယ္။

အလုုပ္က တဘက္၊ ကေလးငယ္ ႏွစ္ေယာက္ကလည္း တဘက္၊ တခ်က္မွ မအားရလုုိ႔ မစားသာတဲ့ဘဝ ေရာက္ေနတဲ့့ မိခင္တဦးျဖစ္သူ ညီမအေၾကာင္း eg;

My sister Irene works out of a full time job and has two young sons to take care of when she gets home. Her husband Bob tries to help out, of course but he just isn’t too handy with kids. Believe me her life these days is no bed of roses.

ကၽြန္ေတာ့္ ညီမငယ္ Irene က အလုုပ္ကလည္း အခ်ိန္ျပည့္ လုုပ္ေသးတယ္။ အိမ္ျပန္ေရာက္ရင္လည္း သူ႔သားငယ္ ႏွစ္ေယာက္ကိုု ၾကည့္ရေသးတယ္။ ခင္ပြန္းသည္ Bob ကေတာ့ ႀကိဳးစား အကူအညီေပးပါတယ္။ ဒါေပမဲ့ သိတဲ့အတုုိင္းဘဲ သူက ကေလးငယ္ေတြကိုု ေကာင္းေကာင္း မၾကည့္တတ္ဘူး။ ဒါေၾကာင့္မိုု႔ ကၽြန္ေတာ့္ ညီမရဲ႕ဘဝက အမွန္တကယ္ မစားသာပါဘူးဗ်ာ။

02. A bed of nails

ဒီေနရာမွာ nails  ကေတာ့ သံမိႈေတြလုုိ႔ လံုုးေကာက္ အဓိပၺါယ္ရတဲ့အတြက္ေၾကာင့္ စကားစုတခုုလံုုးရဲ႕တုိက္ရုိက္အဓိပၺါယ္ကေတာ့ သံမႈိေတြ စိုုက္ထားတဲ့ ကုုတင္အိပ္ရာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။

က်မတို႔ ျမန္မာမွာေတာ့ အထက္မွာတင္ျပခဲ့တဲ့ ဖဲေမြ႔ရာနဲ႔ ဆန္႔က်င္တဲ့ ဆူးေမြ႔ရာ ဆုုိတဲ့ စကား၊ ဘဝရဲ႕ ၾကမ္းတမ္း ခက္ထန္မႈရဲ႕ အေျခအေနကိုု ထင္ဟပ္ေပၚလြင္ေစတာကိုု bed of nails ဆုုိတဲ့ အီဒီယံ အသံုုးနဲ႔ ရည္ၫႊန္း ေျပာဆုုိႏုိင္ပါတယ္။

Eg;

Mike is looking for another job. His boss is rude and very bad temper. And, the five people who work for Mike are lazy and un-trained. So, Mike has to explain everything to them at least three times. So, his job is a real bed of nails for him.

Mike က ေနာက္ထပ္ အလုုပ္တခုုကိုု လုုိက္ရွာေနတယ္။ သူ႔အလုုပ္ရွင္ဆရာက ရုုိင္းလည္းရုုိင္း၊ စိတ္ကလည္း တိုုပါေပ့။ ေနာက္ၿပီး Mike နဲ႔ အတူ အလုုပ္လုုပ္တဲ့ လူ (၅)  ဦးက ပ်င္းလည္းပ်င္းတယ္၊ လုုပ္ငန္းမွာလည္း မကၽြမ္းက်င္ၾကဘူး။ အဲဒီေတာ့ ဘာပဲလုုပ္လုုပ္ Mike က သူတိုု႔ကို အနဲဆံုုး (၃) ခါေလာက္ ျပန္ရွင္းျပေနရတယ္။ သူ႔အလုုပ္က တကယ္ကိုု မစားသာလွပါဘူးဗ်ာ။

03.On the wrong side of bed

On = အေပၚမွာ၊ Wrong = မွားသည္၊ Side = ဘက္ ဆုုိေတာ့ စကားစုတခုုလံုုးရဲ႕ လံုုးေကာက္ အဓိပၺါယ္ကေတာ့ အိပ္ယာကႏိုုးတဲ့အခါ ကုုတင္ဘက္ မွားဆင္းတယ္လုုိ႔ အဓိပၺါယ္ရပါတယ္။ ဆုုိလုုိတာကေတာ့ မနက္ မ်က္စိ ႏွစ္လံုုးပြင့္လာကတည္းက အေၾကာင္းမရွိ အေၾကာင္းရွာ ဂ်ီက်ေနတဲ့ လူကိုု ဘယ္လုုိ ျဖစ္ေနတာလဲ၊ အိပ္ရာဘက္မ်ား မွားဆင္းလုုိ႔ ဂဂ်ီဂေဂ်ာင္ လုပ္ေနတာလားလုုိ႔ ေငါ့ေတာ့ေတာ့ ေျပာဆုိတဲ့အခါမွာ ဒီအသံုုးကိုု တင္စားေျပာဆုုိေလ့ ရွိပါတယ္။

သာမန္ စိတ္သေဘာ ေကာင္းသူတဦးက သူစိတ္တုုိၿပီး ဂ်ီက်မိတဲ့အတြက္ ေရာင္းရင္းေတြကိုု ေတာင္းပန္ေျပာၾကားတဲ့ eg;

I am sorry I am in such a bad mood today. I just got up on the wrong side of the bed. I forgot to set the alarm. So, I had no time to eat breakfast. After a good night sleep, I will be okay again.

က်ေနာ္ ဒီေန႔ ဂ်ီက်မိတဲ့ အတြက္ ေတာင္းပန္ပါတယ္ဗ်ာ။ အေၾကာင္းမရွိ အေၾကာင္းရွာ ဂ်ီက်မိတာမိုု႔ ကၽြန္ေတာ္ အိပ္ယာႏိုုးကတည္းက ဘက္မွား ဆင္းမိတယ္လုုိ႔ အေၾကာင္းျပ ေတာင္းပန္ရေတာ့မွာဘဲ။ တကယ္ေတာ့ က်ေနာ္က (နာရီ) ႏိႈးစက္ ေပးဖုုိ႔လည္း ေမ့သြားတယ္။ ဒါေၾကာင့္မိုု႔ မနက္စာလည္း စားဖုုိ႔ အခ်ိန္ မရလိုုက္ဘူးေလ။ ဒါေပမဲ့ ဒီည ေကာင္းေကာင္းအိပ္ေပ်ာ္ရင္ေတာ့ ေကာင္းသြားမွာပါ။

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လူ႔ခႏၶာကုိယ္အစိတ္အပုိင္းမ်ား ( Human Body )နဲ႔ပတ္သက္ေသာမီးနင္းမ်ား

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ဆံပင္                        Hair

ဦးေခါင္း                     Head            

ဦးေခါင္းခြံ                     Skull

ဦးေခါင္းအရည္ၿပား         Scalp

နာဖူး                           Fore head

နားရြက္                     Ears

နားထင္                   Temple

 မ်က္ခုံး                    Eye brow

 မ်က္စိ                     Eyes

မ်က္ခြံ                      Eye lids

မ်က္ေတာင္ေမႊး            Eye lashes

မ်က္စိသူငယ္အိမ္          Pupil

ႏွာေခါင္း                      Nose

 ႏွာေခါင္းေပါက္            Nostrils

ပါး                           Cheek

 ပါးခ်ိဳင္႔                      Dimple

ပါးစပ္                       Mouth

အာေခါင္                  Palate

ႏႈတ္ခမ္း                  Lips

ႏႈတ္ခမ္းေမႊး            Moustache/mustache

ပါးသုိင္းေမႊး             Whisker

သြား၊သြားမ်ား         Tooth/teeth

ေရွ႕သြားမ်ား        Incisors

စြယ္သြားမ်ား       Canine teeth

ေရွ႕အံသြားမ်ား        Premolars

 ေနာက္အံသြားမ်ား       Molars

အံဆုံအံသြားမ်ား         Wisdom teeth

ငယ္သြားမ်ား               milk teeth

ႀကီးသြားမ်ား           Permanent teeth

လွ်ာ                        Tongue

သြားဖုံး                    Gum

ေမးေစ႔                     Chin

ေမးရုိး                      Jaw

မုတ္ဆိတ္ေမႊး              Beard

လည္ပင္း                     Neck

လည္ေစ႔                 Adam’s apple

လည္ေခ်ာင္း                 Throat

ကုပ္ပုိး                           Nape

ပုခုံး                                 Shoulder

လက္ၿပင္                    Back shoulder

ခ်ိဳင္းႀကား                      Armpit

ခ်ိဳင္းေမႊး                      Armpit hair

ရင္ဘတ္၊ရင္အုပ္                Chest

ရင္သား                        Breast/bust

ဗုိက္                               Abdomen

ခ်က္                           Navel

ခါး                                Waist

သားၿမတ္                        Bust, bosom

လက္ေမာင္း                    Arm

လက္ဖ်ံ                          Fore arm

လက္ဖ၀ါး                          Palm

လက္ဖမုိး                     Back of the palm

လက္                           Hand

လက္ေခ်ာင္းမ်ား                      Fingers

လက္မ                                Thumb

လက္ညွိဳး                  Fore finger  or index finger

လက္ခလယ္                       Middle finger

လက္သူႀကြယ္                    Ring finger

လက္သန္း                         Little finger

လက္ပြား                           Extra finger

 လက္သည္း                        Finger nail

လက္ေကာက္၀တ္                     Wrist

တံေတာင္ဆစ္                       Elbow

တင္ပါး                           Hip , buttock

စအုိ                                Anus

ေယာက်ာၤးအဂၤါဇတ္              Penis

မိန္းမ အဂၤါဇတ္                    Vulva, vagina

ဆီးခုံရုိး                           Pelvis

ေပါင္ႀကား                         Groin

ေပါင္                                Thigh

ဒူးေခါင္း၊ဒူး                         Knee

ေၿခေထာက္                           Leg

ေၿခသလုံး                              Calf

ေၿခ၊ေၿခေထာက္                   Foot

(ေၿခမ်က္စိေအာက္)

ညိႈ႕သက်ည္း                        Shin

ေၿခမ်က္စိ                       Ankle / lateral

ေၿခဖမုိး                               Instep

ေၿခေခ်ာင္းမ်ား                       Toes

ေၿခမ                             First toe / big toe     Great toe

ေၿခညိႈး                             Second toe

ေၿခခလယ္                          Third toe

ေၿခသူႀကြယ္                            Fourth toe

ေၿခသန္း                             Fifth toe , little toe

ေၿခဖေနာင္႔                                Heel

ေၿခဖ၀ါး                                  Sole ( planta )

ေၿခသည္း                                  Toe nail

ဦးေဏွာက္                               Brain

ေသြး                                 Blood

ၿခင္ဆီ                                 Marrow

တံေထြး                                 Saliva/spit/spittle

မ်က္ရည္                              Tear

က်င္ႀကီး၊ မစင္                    Stool/excrement/Ordure/faeces

က်င္ငယ္ ( ေသး )                    urine

ေခၽႊး                        Sweat

အေမႊး                    Hair

အရည္ၿပား                   Skin

အသား                    Flesh

အရုိး                           Bone

အရြတ္                    Ligament

အာရုံေႀကာ                   Nerve

ေသြးလႊတ္ေႀကာ                    Artery

ေသြးၿပန္ေႀကာ                   Vein

ေသြးလႊတ္ေႀကာမႀကီး                   Aorta

ေသြးၿပန္ေႀကာမႀကီး                   Main vein

၀မ္းဗုိက္                                   Belly

နံရုိး                                   Rib

အဆုတ္                            Lung

ႏွလုံး                          Heart

အသည္း                            Liver

သည္းေၿခ                           Gall bladder / gall

အစာအိမ္                               Stomach

 အူမႀကီး                            Colon

အူသိမ္                                 Intestines

ေက်ာက္ကပ္                             Kidney

ဆီးအိမ္                            Urinary bladder

သားအိမ္                          Uterus

သရက္ရြက္                         Spleen

ညွပ္ရုိး                              Collar bone

လက္ၿပင္ရုိး                      Shoulder blade

ႀကြက္သား                           Muscle

အက်ိတ္                               Gland

လက္ဆစ္                           Knuckle

ဒူးဂုံညွင္း                               Kneecap

ဆံၿခည္မွ်င္ေသြးေႀကာ                      Capillaries

၀က္ၿခံ                       Pimple

မွဲ႔                               Mole

မွဲ႔ေၿခာက္                      Blackhead

လက္သီး                          Fist

ေက်ာရုိး                         Spine

ႏွပ္                               Nostril discharge

ေလလည္ၿခင္း                      Breaking wind

ရာသီ ၊ ဓမၼတာ                      Menstruation, menses

သလိပ္                             Phlegm

ေမြးရာပါ အမွတ္                Birth mark

ေဆးမွင္ေႀကာင ္                       tattoo

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အဂၤလိပ္စာမွာ အႀကီးအက်ယ္ အယူအဆမွားတစ္ခုေျပာျပမယ္( သဒၵါမတတ္...စာမတတ္ဆုိတဲ႔ဟာ ) ေတာ္ေတာ္ေၾကာင္တဲ႔ အယူအဆ

ဒါကုိသရုပ္ခြဲၾကည္႔ရေအာင္....သဒၵါတတ္ရင္...စာတတ္တယ္ေပါ႔.......။မေသမျခင္းမွတ္ထားၾက.....စာတတ္ဖုိ႔...သဒၵါတတ္သိဖုိ႔လုိတယ္..ဒါေပမဲ႔သဒၵါတတ္တုိင္း...စာမတတ္ဘူး.....အဲဒါမွတ္ထား...သဒၵါေတြပဲသိထားၿပီး(စာမ်ားမ်ားမဖတ္ရင္....စကားမ်ားမ်ားမေျပာရင္...မ်ားမ်ားနားမေထာင္ရင္မ်ားမ်ား မေရးရင္ )....ေသေလာက္ေအာင္ သဒၵါတတ္....အဂၤလိပ္စာဖတ္လုိ႔မရဘူး...ေျပာလုိ႔မရဘူး ..ေရးလုိ႔မရဘူး..နားေထာင္လုိ႔မရဘူး။ ဘာျဖစ္တတ္သလည္းဆုိေတာ႔ ဒီလုိလူမ်ိဳးေတြက formal အစြဲေတြ စြဲၿပီး.....informal နဲ႔

လည္းေတြ႔ေရာ ေျခစုံကန္ျငင္းေတာ႔တာပဲ....။ မယုံမရွိနဲ႔......Wanna ဆုိတာအဂၤလိပ္စာမွာ မရွိဘူးလုိ႔ ေျပာတဲ႔ အဂၤလိပ္စာဆရာတစ္ေယာက္နဲ႔ ႀကဳံဘူးတယ္။ထပ္ေျပာမယ္ေနာ္......စာတတ္ဖုိ႔....သဒၵါသိဖုိ႔လုိတယ္.....။

သဒၵါတတ္တုိင္း....စာမတတ္ဘူး။

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အလြယ္ကူဆုံးေလ႔လာႏုိင္ေသာ အဂၤလိပ္စကားေျပာ

============================

A: I like living here.     ( ဒီေနရာမွာေနရတာ ႀကိဳက္တယ္ )

B: I agree. Pasadena is a nice city.   ( ငါသေဘာတူတယ္ ...Pasadena က တကယ္ေကာင္းတဲ႔ ၿမိဳ႕ )

A: It’s not too big.     ( အရမ္းႀကီးေတာ႔ မႀကီးဘူး )

B: And it’s not too small.        ( အရမ္းႀကီးလည္း မငယ္ဘူး )

A: It has great weather all year long.      ( ရာသီဥတုတကယ္ေကာင္းတာ ေတာ္ေတာ္ၾကာၿပီ )

B: It has the Rose Parade.

A: It has beautiful houses.

B: It has wonderful restaurants.

A: It has great schools.

B: It’s close to the mountains.

A: The people are friendly.

B: I’m not ever going to leave.

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အဂၤလိပ္ သဒၵါ ( Grammar ) သုံးစြဲပုံ

====================

Having + Past participle ( Verb-3 ) အသုံးပုံစံကုိေလ႔လာၾကည္႔ရေအာင္( သတိထားရမွာက Present Perfect Tense မဟုတ္ဘူးဆုိတာပါပဲ ).......

ၿပီးေနာက္လုိ႔ အဓိပၸါယ္ ရပါတယ္....အသုံးမ်ားတတ္တဲ႔ ပုံစံလည္းျဖစ္ပါတယ္

He admitted having stolen the money.     ( ပုိက္ဆံေတြခုိးၿပီးတဲ႔ေနာက္ သူက ၀န္ခံခဲ႔တယ္ )

Having finished our work, we went home.    ( က်ေနာ္တုိ႔ အလုပ္ၿပီးသြားတဲ႔ေနာက္ အိမ္ကုိျပန္ခဲ႔တယ္ )

Having lived in London, I know its climate very well.' means that I have lived in London, so I know its climate very well.

They now regret having gotten married

Having found a hotel, they looked for somewhere to have dinner.

Having said that I'll try and speak to this.

Having said that, I can say no more.

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အသုံးလြဲမွားတတ္ေသာ အဂၤလိပ္စကားလုံးမ်ား

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Freedom, independence, liberty အသုံးကြဲျပားပုံကုိေလ႔လာၾကည္႔ရေအာင္အားလုံးက လြတ္လပ္ျခင္း ဆုိတဲ႔ အဓိပါယ္ရပါတယ္။Freedom နဲ႔ Liberty ကအသုံးျပဳပုံ အဓိပါယ္ျခင္း တူပါတယ္....

Freedom ရဲ႕အဓိပါယ္က....ကုိယ္႔သေဘာဆႏၵအတုိင္း ( တစ္စုံတစ္ေယာက္ကုိထိခုိက္မူ႔မရွိေသာ ) လြတ္လပ္ျခင္း လုိ႔ သေဘာ

ရပါတယ္။

Independence ရဲ႕အဓိပါယ္က ( in - dependence ) ျဖစ္ပါတယ္.......( depend ) ဆုိတာ မွီခုိျခင္း ၊ အားျပဳျခင္းဆုိတဲ႔သေဘာပါ....Independence ဆုိတာက ဘယ္သူ႔အေပၚ ဘယ္အရာအေပၚမွာမွ အားျပဳျခင္း အားထားျခင္းမရွိပဲ လြတ္လပ္ေနျခင္းကုိ ေခၚပါတယ္။

After 10 years in prison, he was given his freedom.

He enjoyed complete freedom to do as he wishes.

What can you do with the independence exploit?

It's important that parents should allow their children some independence.

Mexico gained its independence from Spain in l821.

Hundreds of political prisoners are to be given their liberty

These laws will restrict our ancient rights and liberties.

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အလြယ္တကူအစားထုိးသုံးစြဲႏုိင္ေသာ အဂၤလိပ္စကားေျပာပုံစံ

=================================

ခင္ဗ်ား ဒါမလုပ္ဘူး...ဘာအေၾကာင္းျပခ်က္ေပးဦးမလဲ ဆုိတာကုိေျပာခ်င္ရင္

You don’t + verb (Infinitive), what’s your excuse? ပုံစံကုိအသုံးျပဳႏုိင္ပါတယ္....ဥပမာ..

You don’t participate in the discussion, what’s your excuse?    ( ခင္ဗ်ားေဆြးေႏြးပြဲမွာ ပါ၀င္ျခင္းမရွိဘူး ဘာအေၾကာင္းျပခ်က္ေပးဦးမလဲ )

မိမိေျပာခ်င္ေနတဲ႔ Verb - 1 ႀကိယာမ်ားကုိ You don't ေနာက္က ကပ္သုံးလုိက္ပါ

Do class work.

Say “Thank you” to your teacher.

Participate in the discussion

Get Believe that all the problems can be solved.

Get along with your co-workers.

Use the dictionary for reading comprehension.

Pay attention to the lecture.

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မိတ္ကပ္အသုံးအေဆာင္နဲ႔ ပတ္သက္ေသာ မီးနင္းမ်ား

============================

Sponge - ေရျမႈတ္

Foundation - ေအာက္ခံ

Compact - မိတ္ကပ္ဘူးျပား

Powder - ေပါင္ဒါ

Mirror - မွန္

Eyeliner - အုိင္းလုိင္နာ

Eyeshadow - အုိင္းရွဲဒုိး

Lipstick - ႏႈတ္ခမ္းဆုိးေဆး

Mascara - မ်က္ေတာင္ခ်ယ္ေဆး

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လူမ်ား၏အသြင္သ႑န္နဲ႔ပတ္သက္ေသာ စကားလုံးမ်ား

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Straight - ဆံပင္ေျဖာင္႔ေသာ

Wavy - လႈိင္းတြန္႔ဆံပင္

Curly - ေကာက္ေကြးေသာဆံပင္

Tall and Silm - အရပ္ရွည္ၿပီး ခႏၵာကုိယ္ေသးသြယ္ေသာ

Shor and fat - အရပ္ပုၿပီး ၀ေသာ

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 Tag question

Maung Maung is a student.

 Is Maung Maung a student ?

Maung Maung is a student , isn’t he ?

Can you play the guitar ?

You can play the guitar, can’t you ?

Do you walk every morning, ?

You walk every morning, don’t you ?

She gets up early morning.

Does she get up early morning ?

She gets up early morning, doesn’t she ?

Maung Ba will come here very soon.

Will Maung Ba come here very soon ?

Maung Ba will come here very soon, won’t he ?

You have finished your breakfast.

Have you finished your breakfast ?

You have finished your breakfast , haven’t you ?

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Telephone: messages

Claire:   Hello, finance department

Female:       Hello, can I speak to Adrian Hopwood, please?

Claire:   I’m afraid he’s in a meeting at the moment. Can I help?

Female:     No I need to talk to Mr Hopwood, I think. What time will he be out of the meeting?

Claire:   In about an hour. Can you call back later?

Female:       Okay, I’ll do that.

Claire:   Or can I take a message?

Female:      Actually, would you mind? Could you tell him that Jennifer McAndrews called and that I’m in the office all day if he could call me back.

Claire:   Can I take your number, please?

Female:     Yes, it’s 5556872.

Claire:   5556872.  Okay, I’ll make sure he gets the message.

Female:    Thanks very much for your help, bye!

Claire:   Goodbye!

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 BBC Learning English ( Telephone wrong number )

Talking Business
Telephone: wrong number
Useful Phrases
You must have the wrong number
Is that not 556 8790?
No, it’s 555 8790
Sorry about that
I must have dialled the wrong number
Can I help you?
I’m sorry, you’ve got the wrong number
I’ll try and put you through
His direct number is …
Sorry to have troubled you

Transcript
Male: Hello, this is the press office.
Michelle: Rachel Allsop please.
Male: I’m sorry, You must have the wrong number. There’s no-one of that name
here.
Michelle: Oh. Can I check the number I’ve got…. is that not 5568790?
Male: No, it’s 5558790.
Michelle: Oh sorry about that. I must have dialled the wrong number.
Male: No problem! Bye!
Male: Hello, press office, can I help you?
Ruth: Hello. Paul Richards, please.
Male: I’m sorry, you’ve got the wrong number, but he does work here. I’ll try and put you through. In future his direct number is 5558770.

Ruth: Did I not dial that?
Male: No you rang 5558790.
Ruth: Oh, sorry to have troubled you.
Male: No problem. Hang on a moment and I’ll put you through to Paul’s extension.
Ruth: Thanks.

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Things are Looking Up

Chris: Hi, I'm Chris, and welcome to The English We Speak. It's a nice day here in London, so I've come outside to meet Helen. Ah, there she is! Helen, how are you?

Helen: I'm... fine... thanks.

Chris: What are you doing? What are you looking at?

Helen: I'm looking up. အရာရာ အဆင္ေျပပါတယ္ ရာသီဥတုအေျခေနေကာင္းပါတယ္

Chris: R-Right. But I can't see anything.

Helen: Neither can I.

Chris: Have you seen an aeroplane or something?

Helen: Not sure...

Chris: Maybe a bird?

Helen: Well, apparently things are looking up.

Chris: Things are looking up?

Helen: Yes, Rosie told me that the weather has been sunny for the last three days, so things are looking up. I thought I'd come and see for myself... But there's not much going on to be honest.

Chris: Ah, I think you've misunderstood. Rosie didn't mean there are things up in the sky.

Helen: Really? What do you mean?

Chris: It's an expression. You use the phrase 'things are looking up' when you want to suggest that conditions are getting better or more positive.

Helen: Oh, right...

Chris: Here are some examples:

• My wife and I both found great new jobs last month, so things are looking up.

• Things are finally looking up now that he's recovered from his illness.

Helen: So when Rosie told me that things were looking up, she meant that the weather has been getting better at the moment.

Chris: Yes, she's suggesting that it looks like the weather in general is improving. So what do you think? Do you think the weather is getting better?

Helen: So far, yes, yesterday was really hot. I hope it lasts for the weekend… But if things get worse, would you say, 'things are looking down'?

Chris: Not really. Instead, you could say: "It's taken a turn for the worse".

Helen: It's taken a turn for the worse. That's a useful phrase.

Chris: Oh, but hang on... look at that black cloud in the sky. It looks like it might rain after all. That's typical English weather!

Helen: Oh great. Things really have taken a turn for the worse! ရာသီဥတုေျခေနမေကာင္းဘူးQuick, let's get back to the office before it rains.

Chris: Let's go! Do join us again for another edition of The English We Speak and visit our website, bbclearningenglish.com. Bye!

Helen: Bye!

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